Fertility refers to a phenomenon where the interest is with the proportion of children born in the population. Fertility is connected to reproduction. At childbirth, women may give birth to more than one child, known as multiple deliveries (twins, triplets, quadruplets).
A child may be liveborn or stillborn.
The fertility level is influenced by miscarriages and abortions (terminations of pregnancy).
In demography the word birth rate is often used to refer to the key ratio describing the fertility phenomenon. The terms fertility and birth rate often have the same meaning.
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